In virtually every industry, the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has spurred a transformative journey that is redefining the very nature of work. While technology has played an essential and often defining role, people have nonetheless remained at the core of these revolutionary transformations. While the type of work varies across different industries and functions, 4IR transformation shifts the workforce away from highly manual tasks to a much more data-driven and automated future. Repetitive, manual factory-floor duties have been replaced with higher-level tasks that involve making data-driven decisions in collaboration with automated technology, including robotics and cobotics (or collaborative robotics). Building those new skills is the greatest business challenge for 80 percent of CEOs, according to data from the Harvard Business Review. 1 1.